Cholesterol crystals tubulointerstitial injury during nephrotic syndrome; can be classified as tubular crystallopathy?

Nephrotic syndrome complicated by tubular dysfunction .

Introduction Abnormalities of proximal renal tubular function in the nephrotic syndrome are rare but well documented (Bruck, Rapoport and Rubin, 1954; Kovnat and Lin, 1974; Pabico et al., 1976), particularly in children. The mechanisms underlying this combination remain obscure; a number have been proposed (Vitacco et al., 1970) including the recent speculation that a common mechanism linked by...

Acute tubular necrosis: can it be prevented?

Impaired glomerular and tubular antioxidative defense mechanisms in nephrotic syndrome.

The molecular mechanisms behind acquired nephrotic syndrome (NS) are still largely unknown. One possible explanation for the development of proteinuria is oxidative damage to the glomerular cells. Our hypothesis was that the oxidative defense is weakened in NS, and we focused on measurements of the oxidative-antioxidative status in the glomerular and tubular parts of the nephron. Gene expressio...

Unique proximal tubular cell injury and the development of acute kidney injury in adult patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome

BACKGROUND Adult patients with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) are often associated with acute kidney injury (AKI). To assess the mechanisms of AKI, we examined whether tubular cell injuries unique to MCNS patients exist. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of clinical data and tubular cell changes using the immunohistochemical expression of vimentin as a marker of tubular ...

How reliably can a material be classified as a nanomaterial? Available particle-sizing techniques at work

ABSTRACT Currently established and projected regulatory frameworks require the classification of materials (whether nano or non-nano) as specified by respective definitions, most of which are based on the size of the constituent particles. This brings up the question if currently available techniques for particle size determination are capable of reliably classifying materials that potentially ...